Seismic Refraction Tomography (SRT) Multi-Channel Surface Wave Analysis (MASW) Fracture Microtremor (REMI)

The seismic method enables the recording of reflections and refractions that occur at the interfaces between the underground geological formations of the acoustic wave sent from a source to the underground, depending on the time on the earth and thus determining or displaying the velocity distributions of the environment from the seismic velocities. An acoustic wave originating from any energy source (such as impact, weight reduction, blasting, shake-vibro) spreads over the ground in different phases. Thus, with the help of the seismic method, it is possible to determine many environments from the layer close to the surface of the earth to the very deep geological structures. Since the method aims to determine the seismic velocity, it is possible to determine the lateral and vertical discontinuities. When used as a tomographic, it is possible to reveal a detailed model of the underground. It can be used on land and sea and provides a significant advantage to this method. Its usefulness and widespread use, especially in hydrocarbon exploration, has allowed the method to develop very rapidly.

Seismic refraction tomography (SRT) is a research technique that has been widely used in recent years to solve geological and geotechnical problems. The method enables the underground to be modeled in two dimensions according to seismic P wave velocities.

Multi-channel analysis of surface wave (MASW) method, Park et al. (1999) and is a seismic method that is widely used in geotechnical and microzonation studies. With MASW studies, it is aimed to calculate the Vs velocities of the underground layers and therefore the dynamic and elastic parameters of the underground for geotechnical purposes by recording the surface waves.